For example, a animal study found a papain-based wound cleanser helped promote wound healing in rats. A systematic review of studies also concluded papain is effective and safe in treating many types of wounds in various stages of healing.
Most of the research is still preliminary. Despite these positive findings, the U. Food and Drug Administration FDA ordered companies to stop marketing unapproved topical papain products due to some people experiencing a life-threatening allergic reaction upon use. You should talk with your doctor about your individual risk of allergic reaction before use. How to use: Papain salves and creams are available online and in some natural health stores.
To perform a patch test: Apply a small amount of product to your elbow or inner wrist. Cover with a bandage, and leave on at least 12 hours.
If irritation occurs, rinse thoroughly and consult your doctor. Protease supplements may relieve muscle pain caused by intense exercise, according to a study. In this study, 10 matched pairs of male participants were given either a placebo or a protease supplement containing papain and other protease enzymes.
The treatment was given prior to and after downhill running for 30 minutes at 80 percent of their maximum heart rate. The enzyme group experienced better muscle recovery and less muscular pain than the placebo group. Proteolytic enzymes such as papain may help shingles symptoms such as pain, skin lesions, and neuralgia.
According to a controlled study of people with shingles, a proteolytic enzyme preparation was as effective in treating shingles symptoms as the antiviral medication acyclovir. More current studies are lacking, however, and more evidence is needed to confirm these findings. How to use: At the first sign of shingles, take papain supplements as directed by your doctor.
Evidence is limited, and shingles can be serious. Talk to your doctor before you rely on papain or other proteolytic enzymes for this condition. Topical papain may cause allergic reaction, blisters, and skin irritation.
Papain, in fact, is an antioxidant on par with strong antioxidant vitamins like vitamins C and E. The specific action papain has on cancer cells is by dissolving the thick protein coating around the cancer cell called fibrin. Other studies suggests that papaya juice has anti-proliferative effects which means it might slow metastasis.
Finally, it can induce apoptosis which essentially, makes cancer cells run and hide. Papaya is obviously loaded with medicinal benefits.
Supplements are widely available too. Supplementation might be a good idea if are supported on acid blocking drugs or PPI ulcer and reflux medications. A pilot study. Scand J Gastroenterol. Results of a double-blind, randomized comparative study of Wobenzym-placebo in patients with cervical syndrome.
Wien Med Wochenschr. Deitrick RE. Oral proteolytic enzymes in the treatment of athletic injuries: a double-blind study. Pa Med. Memorial Slone Kettering Cancer Center. Update May 17, Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page. These choices will be signaled globally to our partners and will not affect browsing data.
We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification. I Accept Show Purposes. Table of Contents View All. Table of Contents. Possible Side Effects. Dosage and Preparation. What to Look For. Other Questions. Enzymes in Your Digestive System. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Sign Up. What are your concerns? Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles.
Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Related Articles. What Are Digestive Enzymes? In immunology, papain is known to cleave the Fc crystallisable portion of immunoglobulins antibodies from the Fab antigen-binding portion. Papain prefers to cleave at hydrophobic - Arg or Lys - cleaves here — not Val.
Papain breaks down tough meat fibers and has been used for thousands of years to tenderise meat eaten in its native South America. Meat tenderisers in powder form with papain as an active component are widely sold. Papain can be used to dissociate cells in the first step of cell culture preparations. A ten-minute treatment of small tissue pieces less than 1 mm cubed will allow papain to begin cleaving the extracellular matrix molecules holding the cells together.
After ten minutes, the tissue should be treated with a protease inhibitor solution to stop the protease action. Left untreated, papain activity will lead to complete lysis of the cells.
The tissue must then be triturated passed quickly up and down through a Pasteur pipette to break up the pieces of tissue into a single cell suspension. It is also used as an ingredient in various enzymatic debriding preparations, notably Accuzyme.
These are used in the care of some chronic wounds to clean up dead tissue. Papain is added to some toothpaste and mint sweets as a tooth whitener.
Its whitening effect is, however, minimal because the papain is present in low concentrations and is quickly diluted by saliva. It would take several months of use to have a noticeable effect. Papain is the main ingredient of Papacarie, a gel used for chemomechanical dental caries removal.
It does not require drilling and does not interfere in the bond strength of restorative materials to dentin. Papain has been known to interfere with urine drug tests for cannabinoids. It is found in some drug detox products. Recently, it has been demonstrated that papain can be used to assemble thin films of titania used in photovoltaic cells. One of the key areas in which papain serves the body is in the realm of its protein-digestive properties.
One case study found that when a male patient with gluten intolerance ate a gluten-free diet, he still experienced diarrhea, but when he additionally took mg of papain for one month, he had fewer loose stools and less malabsorption. This is just one study, and more research needs to be conducted. Some practitioners have used it dental cavities.
Traditional cultures in Hawaii and Tahiti made poultices out of the skins of papaya, as this part of the fruit has a particularly high concentration of papain. Traditional healers applied this substance to the skin to heal wounds, burns, rashes and insect stings. Studies have found that papain digests sinus mucin, a glycoprotein found in mucus, and hence may have beneficial effects for people having sinus issues. Papain makes mucus less viscous, or runnier, and hence better able to be eliminated.
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